Thyroid Cancer
Thyroid cancer can occur in all age groups. People who have had radiation
therapy to the neck are at higher risk. This therapy was commonly used
in the 1950s to treat enlarged thymus glands, adenoids and tonsils, and
skin disorders. People who received radiation therapy as children have
a higher incidence of thyroid cancer.
Most commonly, thyroid cancers in the early stage produce no symptoms.
As the cancer grows, a small lump or nodule can be felt in the neck. The
vast majority of thyroid nodules are caused by benign conditions, but
about one per cent of these lumps represent early stages of thyroid cancer.
If the cancer spreads, it can cause a number of symptoms.
Treatment is essentially surgical; the whole gland is removed, together
with any associated glands with papillary cancer; some tissue may safely
be left in surgical treatment of the follicular form.
The function of the thyroid gland is to take iodine, found in many foods,
and convert it into thyroid hormones: thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine
(T3). Learn just how your thyroid works.